Privacy Statement

The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

 

Publication Ethics Statement
This journal strictly abides by the ethical norms of academic publishing, follows the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), and commits to safeguarding academic integrity, preventing academic misconduct, and ensuring the fairness, transparency and reliability of the publication process.

Authorship Responsibility
All authors shall guarantee that the submitted manuscript is their original research work, without plagiarism, duplicate publication, data fabrication or falsification. All co-authors have made substantial contributions to the research design, data collection, analysis and manuscript revision, and agree to the final version of the paper. Corresponding authors are responsible for communicating with the journal, responding to review comments, and ensuring all authors agree with the revision and publication results.

Plagiarism and Duplicate Publication
The journal conducts plagiarism detection on all submitted manuscripts. Manuscripts that have been published in other journals, or submitted simultaneously to multiple journals, will be directly rejected. Any form of text copying, data theft, and improper citation will be regarded as academic misconduct, and the journal reserves the right to withdraw published papers and notify the authors’ affiliated institutions.

Conflict of Interest
Authors, reviewers and editorial board members shall declare any potential conflicts of interest (including financial interests, cooperative relations, competitive relations, etc.) that may affect the objectivity of research and review. If a conflict of interest exists and is not declared, the journal has the right to reject the manuscript or invalidate the review conclusion.

Research Ethics Approval
For papers involving human subjects, animal experiments, clinical research, biological materials and sensitive data, authors must provide official ethical approval documents from the relevant institutional ethics committee, and strictly abide by relevant national and international research ethics regulations. Informed consent of research subjects shall be obtained where necessary.

Correction and Retraction
If errors, omissions or ethical violations are found in published papers, the journal will issue corrections, expressions of concern or retractions in accordance with COPE regulations, and publicly announce the reasons. The editorial office reserves the right to retract any paper that violates publication ethics.

Editorial Independence
The editorial team maintains independent judgment, free from commercial interests, external institutional pressure and other inappropriate interference, and makes decisions on manuscript submission, review and publication based only on academic quality and ethical norms.

 

Peer Review Policy
This journal adopts a single-blind peer review model to ensure the objectivity and fairness of academic evaluation. All submitted manuscripts are subject to rigorous peer review before publication, and the review process follows international academic standards.

Initial Screening
After submission, the editorial office first conducts preliminary screening on the manuscript, including format standardization, topic matching, plagiarism detection, and basic compliance with publication ethics. Manuscripts that do not meet the basic requirements will be returned to authors directly without entering the formal review process.

Reviewer Assignment
The editorial team selects at least 2–3 independent reviewers with professional expertise matching the research field of the manuscript, who are free from conflicts of interest with the authors. Reviewers are not informed of the authors’ identity and affiliation under the double-blind mechanism.

Review Criteria
Reviewers evaluate manuscripts mainly from the following dimensions: originality, academic innovation, scientific rigor, data reliability, logical structure, literature citation standardization, and practical application value. Reviewers will put forward detailed comments and give one of the following recommendations: Accept directly, Minor revision, Major revision, Reject.

Author Revision Process
For manuscripts requiring revision, the editorial office will transmit reviewers’ comments to the corresponding author. Authors shall submit a point-by-point response letter and revised manuscript within the specified time limit. The revised manuscript will be sent back to the original reviewers for re-review if necessary.

Final Decision
The editorial board comprehensively synthesizes the opinions of reviewers, makes the final decision on acceptance, revision or rejection, and officially notifies the author of the result. The decision of the journal is final.

Confidentiality
All reviewers and editorial staff shall keep the content of submitted manuscripts confidential during the review process, and shall not disclose, disseminate or use the unpublished research content without authorization.